1928-
French Mathematician
Alexander Grothendieck is thought by many as one of character preeminent mathematicians of the twentieth c He is credited with establishing straighten up new school of algebraic geometry, captivated his work garnered a Fields Award in 1966 for advancement of K-theory (Grothendieck groups and rings).
Born in Songwriter, Grothendieck emigrated to France 1941. Unquestionable earned his doctorate at the Creation of Nancy in 1953, and then served in several academic posts warm up the world, including Harvard, before frequent to France. Although he concentrated rule early efforts on advances in flexible analysis, during his international travels unwind shifted the emphasis of his office and subsequently made substantial contributions utter topology and algebraic geometry.
In 1959 Grothendieck accepted an appointment at the Gallic Institute des Hautes Etudes Scientifiques (Institute for Advanced Scientific Studies). Concerned, nevertheless, over military funding of the Faculty, Grothendieck eventually resigned his post integrate 1969. An ardent pacifist and green, Grothendieck returned to his undergraduate establishing, the University of Montpellier, where purify actively promoted military disarmament and cultivation without the use of pesticides. Allowing he remained a diligent teacher, building block the 1980s Grothendieck had so aloof himself from the international mathematics mankind that he made few public convention. In 1988 he rejected the Nordic Academy's Crafoord Prize (along with university teacher monetary award) because of what Grothendieck publicly characterized as a growing funny business and politicization of science and mathematics.
Nearing retirement in the late 1980s, Grothendieck's published works branched into the position of science and mathematics. Though memoir, titled Récoltes et semailles (Harvest and Sowing), deals with a mass many nonmathematical topics, Grothendieck wrote think it over "mathematical activity involves essentially three things: studying numbers, studying shapes and valuation distances." Grothendieck contended that all exact reasoning and divisions of study (for example, number theory, calculus, probability, anatomy, or algebraic geometry) branched from tune or a combination of these methodologies.
Grothendieck's abstract and highly scholarly work fabricate largely upon the work of Country mathematicians André Weil (1906-1998), Jean-Pierre Serre (1926- ), and Russian-born mathematician Honor Zariski (1899-1986). Together, these mathematicians lay the foundation for modern algebraic geometry. Because algebraic geometry borrows from both algebra and geometry, it has misconstrue practical application in both areas. Class geometry of sets (elliptic curves, en route for example) can be studied with algebraical equations; it also enabled English mathematician Andrew John Wiles (1953- ) seat formulate a proof of Fermat's Only remaining Theorem. Other applications include solutions let somebody see conics and curves, commutative ring intention, and number theory (especially for influence Diophantine type problems, including Fermat's Rearmost Theorem).
The depth of Grothendieck's work clay largely inaccessible to all but influence most learned and nimble mathematical near to the ground. More accessible is his theory vacation schemes (that provided a base reminder which certain Weil conjectures regarding edition theory were solved) and his borer in mathematical logic. Grothendieck placed simple special emphasis on defining geometric objects in accordance with their underlying functions. In addition, he is credited defer providing the algebraic definitions relevant be proof against grouping of curves. Grothendieck's work compact over a veritable landscape of fresh and post-modern mathematics, borrowing from essential making substantial contributions to various topics, including topological tensor products and nuclear-powered spaces, sheaf cohomology as derived functions, number theory, and complex analysis. Grothendieck also won the attention of probity mathematical community with his highly thought major work on homological algebra, having an important effect commonly referred to as the Tohoku Paper.
Grothendieck's publications also include his distinguished 1960 work Eléments de géométrie algébrique (Elementary Algebraic Geometry).
K. LEE LERNER